Kiln



Aug. 2, I932. H.- MISCAMPBELL KILN' Filed Feb. -18. 1929 kiln.

Patented Aug. 2, 1932 iUNlTED STATES TO BLAW-KNOX COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY KILN Application filed February 18, 1929. Serial No. 340,835.

This invention relates to kilns and has special reference to one particularly adapted for the burning of lime, and having incorporated therein a novel form of precast units.

The principal object is to provide a durable and efficient kiln of this character.

Another object is to provide an indestructible precast unit or battle member for such a kiln, and one of convenient form for handling during the construction of'the kiln.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the further description thereof.

Referring now to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this application, and wherein like reference characters indicate like parts: t Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional View through the lower portion of a kiln embodying the invention, and partly broken away, the slack arches being connected therewith; and

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

1 and 2 represent two opposed furnaces or slack arches as are common in such devices, having located therebet-ween the vertically disposed chamber 3, which is a continuation of the central flue or retort of the stack of the This latter I have shown as comprising the outer metal sheathing 4: having built therein the stack proper comprising the fire brick lining 5 encased within the brick or concrete wall 6, and intermediate of which wall and casing is filled with sand or the like indicated at 7 such construction not forming any material part of my present invention.

In cross section the stack is preferably made somewhat elliptical or oblong in shape, having two opposed parallel straight side walls of considerably greater dimension than the diametrically opposite walls.

The chamber 3 intermediate of the furnaces 1 and 2 is formed with its opposed longer side walls converging upwardly as is common forming a somewhat restricted throat, directly above which is installed in staggered relation vertically a plurality of series of the improved baifle members. That is to say, the first row of such members as indicated at 8 being below a like row upon the opposite side as at 9, forming an inclined throat therebetween. The next succeeding row upwardly as at 10 is on the same side as the row or series 8, and the next on the opposite side, as at 11, and so on upwardly any desired distance, it being deemed that six of such rows of baiiles are ample in the ordinary kiln to provide the desired functioning of indestructibility, though there is provided as is obvious a uni form zig-zag throat for passage of the material being burned. Above such installation I propose to continue substantially the same form of throat by installation of the bracket like baiiles indicated at 12 and 13, made of fabricated material, they being subjected to less heat, able to withstand same.

I am aware that staggered metal battles in a kiln are old, but the objection of their not being able to withstand the intense heat is overcome by thiscombination.

The novel form of precast baflie units illustrated, preferably approximate the form of the figure 4 in side elevation, though alternaterows are reversed in this respect, and provided with the triangularly shaped central opening 14: therein, they being rectangular incross section and provided with upper and lower projecting portions 15 and 16 respectively on the opposite side of the inclined portion 18, these projections being for builtin anchoring engagement with "the wall 6.

I The vertical portions of the precast units when installed occurs in direct alignment with the fire brick lining 5, and forms sub-l stantially a continuation of same, though preferably slightly narrower. It is to be understood that these units may be ofany desired size, but I prefer to make them of a size convenient for handling, and in which event ten or twelve may beemployed for the construction of a complete battle in an ordinary kiln as shown. In-this event I propose to .build each pair of battles tightly against but one of the short walls of the flue or the kiln but in alternate arrangement vertically thereof, that is the two rows of battles shown in Figure 2 of the drawing are tightly against the fire brick lining 5 on one side thereof, whereas at the opposite side a flue space 19 is left intermediate the sides of the baffle and the brick lining 5. This alternate formation of the baffles provides means whereby ample circulation of air occurs within the triangularly elongated chamber 14 in each baiile as well as a zig zag upward flue or retort passage for smoke and gases, or in other words tending to insure upward draft in the stack. It will be noted furthermore that this passageway is augmented by the angular chamher like spaces 20 that will naturally occur beneath the baflies, both precast an fabricated.

The precast sections of the indestructible baffles I propose to make of the same material as that of which the best quality of fire brick is composed, sothat they will withstand the heat to which they are subjected.

Just below the lowermost battle and com municating with the opposite sides of the chamber 3 is installed suitable. radiation pyrometers 21, as is common in such devices.

From the foregoing it is evident that l have devised a simple and practical form of kiln particularly adapted for the burning of comparatively small units of limestone, or what is commonly known in the art as spalls and which now represent an enormous waste in the average quarry. Furthermore, in being able to continuously burn the small units of such material, a much more uniform and high quality product is produced than where larger chunks are submitted to more intense and destructive heat, and the operation being continuous, and much more uniform, the minimum of attention is necessary, resulting in less expense in the operation of the device.

It will readily be understood that in the burning of the smaller pieces of such material, a much more uniform feed is possible, requiring materially less attention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

A ba-flie for a kiln of the character described consisting of aplurality of precast hollow sections built into the walls of the kiln in close fitting relation to each other, and so arranged that the hollow portion of each baflie is closed at one end and open at the other in respect to the interior of the kiln.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HUGH MISCAMPBELL. 

